Elenco Electronic Playground 50-in-1 Experiments Manual de usuario

753057Copyright © 2010, 1998 ELENCO®ELECTRONICPLAYGROUNDTMand LEARNING CENTERMODEL EP-50ELENCO®Wheeling, IL, USA

Ohm’s Law: You just observed that when you have lessresistance in the circuit, more current flows (making theLED brighter). The relationship between

-11-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist.Press the switch and the LED lights up. Now hold theswitch closed with one hand and turn the

-12-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist andpress the switch. The LED is on but is very dim (this willbe easier to see if you wrap you

-13-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist.Take a look at the schematic. There is a low 3.3KΩresistor and a high 100KΩ resistor in paral

Since we have two resistors in parallel and a second LEDthat is not being used, let’s modify the circuit to match theschematic below. It’s basically

-15-Let’s combine everything we’ve done so far. Connect thewires according to the Wiring Checklist. Before pressingthe switch, take a look at the sc

You’ve seen how electricity flows through copper wireseasily and how carbon resists the flow. How well doeswater pass electricity? Let’s find out.Co

-17-Capacitors: Capacitors are electrical components thatcan store electrical pressure (voltage) for periods of time.When a capacitor has a difference

Similarly, capacitors are described by their capacity forholding electric charge, called their Capacitance, andtheir ability to withstand electric pre

-19-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist andpress the switch several times. You can see it takes timeto charge and discharge the large

-2-TABLE OF CONTENTSDefinition of Terms Page 3Answers to Quizzes 5Introduction to Basic Components 6Experiment #1: The Light Bulb 8More About Resist

-20-Take a look at the schematic, it is almost the same circuitas the last experiment except that now there are twocapacitors in series. What do you

-21-Now you have capacitors in parallel, and you canprobably predict what will happen. If not, just think aboutthe last experiment and about how resis

-22-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist,noting that there is no switch and a long wire with oneend connected to the 100μF capacitor an

1. __________ are the particles that flow between atomsas part of an electric current.2. A __________ circuit occurs when wires orcomponents from diff

-24-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist andpress the switch, the LED lights up. The diode’s turn-onvoltage of 0.7V is easily exceeded

-25-Diodes made of Gallium Arsenide need a higher voltageacross them to turn on, usually about 1.5V This turn-onenergy is so high that light is genera

The Transistor: The transistor was first developed in1949 at Bell Telephone Laboratories, the name beingderived from “transfer resistor”. It has sin

-27-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist.Although there is a closed circuit with the battery, 1KΩ,LED, and transistor, no current will

-28-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist andpress the switch. LED 1 in the collector path is brighterthan LED 2 in the base path becau

-29-Look again at the water pipe analogy for the transistor,the lever pivot:What would happen if the base and collector wereconnected together? Once

-3-DEFINITION OF TERMS(Most of these will be introduced and explained during the experiments).AC Common abbreviation foralternating current.Alternatin

-30-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist andpress the switch while turning the variable resistor fromright to left (from 0Ω to 50KΩ).

-31-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist andpress the switch, hold it down for several seconds. TheLED will slowly light up. Release

-32-This circuit is very similar to the last one. Connect thewires according to the Wiring Checklist and press theswitch, hold it down for several se

-33-Take a look at the schematic. You’re probably wonderinghow it can work, since nothing is connected to thetransistor base. It can’t, but there is

-34-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist andschematic. Note that the collectors of NPN2 and NPN3are not connected although their wires

-35-Make sure you have a strong 9V battery for thisexperiment. Connect the wires according to the WiringChecklist, connecting the wire to the battery

-36-Make sure you have a strong 9V battery for thisexperiment. Connect the wires according to the WiringChecklist, connecting the wire to the battery

-37-Make sure you have a strong 9V battery for thisexperiment. Connect the wires according to the WiringChecklist, connecting the wire to the battery

-38-Recall that capacitors blocked direct current (DC) butpassed alternating current (AC). Take a look atExperiment 7 again and remember that it took

-39-NOTES

Electron A sub-atomic particle that hasan electrical charge.Electronics The science of electricity andits applications.Emitter The output of an NPN

-40-The Inductor: The inductor can best be described aselectrical momentum (momentum is the power a movingobject has). In our water pipe analogy the

-41-If you wrap two wires from different circuits arounddifferent ends of an iron bar then a current flowingthrough the wire from the first circuit wi

-42-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist. Youare using the antenna for the first time here but only as alow-value resistor (about 10Ω)

-43-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist.Notice that the transformer is being used as two coils(inductors) here. Also notice that tran

-44-Now it’s time to make some noise. To do this we need aspeaker. A speaker converts electrical energy intosound. It does this by using the energy

-45-Wiring Checklist:o 27-to-56o 55-to-24o 25-to-19o 20-to-26o 18-to-43o 5-to-21o 6-to-22o 42-to-31-to-33-to-35-to-37-to-44-to-46-to-53-to-51o unconne

-46-This circuit is unusual in that you turn it on bydisconnecting a wire and turn it off by connecting thewire. Connect the wires according to the W

-47-The forerunner of today’s telephone system was thetelegraph, which was widely used in the latter half of the19th century. It only had two states

-48-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist andpress the switch. It makes a siren sound.You saw earlier how you could change the frequenc

-49-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist andpress the switch. You hear a sound like raindrops. Thevariable resistor (VR) knob controls

Pico- (p) A prefix used in the metricsystem. It means a millionth ofa millionth (0.000,000,000,001)of something.Pitch The musical term for frequenc

-50-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist andpress the switch several times quickly. You hear a soundlike a space gun in the movies. Y

-51-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist,connecting the battery wire last since it will turn the circuiton. Press the switch several t

-52-You need some more parts to do this experiment, soyou’re going to draw them. Take a pencil (No. 2 lead isbest but other types will also work), SH

-53-Now it’s time to make your own music. This experimentwill use the (almost) same circuit as the last one, so thereis no schematic or Wiring Checkl

-54-This experiment will use the (almost) same circuit as thelast one, so there is no schematic or Wiring Checklist.The only difference is that you wi

-55-Connect the wires according to the Wiring Checklist.Initially the two loose wires are unconnected so there isno sound. Now touch each wire with f

-56-Back in Experiments 24 (Anti-Capacitor) and 25(Magnetic Bridge) we talked about how an electriccurrent through a coil creates a magnetic field and

-57-Wiring Checklist:o 28-to-9o 8-to-15o 7-to-29-to-32-to-51o 52-to-42-to-16-to-10o 33-to-31-to-17-to-20-to-48-to-26o 11-to-30-to-50o 49-to-34o 53-to-

-58-Now that you’ve built an AM receiver, how about buildingan AM transmitter? Ever wanted to be a radioannouncer? You’re about to get your chance.

-59-The circuit you have just built as an AM radio transmitteralso has other applications. There is no schematic orWiring Checklist here because we a

-6-INTRODUCTION TO BASIC COMPONENTSWelcome to the exciting world of Electronics! Beforestarting the first experiment, let’s learn about some of theba

-60-Take a look at the schematic. This circuit configuration isa type of oscillator called an astable multivibrator. Whatdo you think it will do? C

-61-This circuit is similar to the last one. Connect the wiresaccording to the Wiring Checklist (noting that thetransistor bases are not connected al

-62-Do you know what this circuit will do? Connect the wiresaccording to the Wiring Checklist (noting that thetransistor bases are not connected alth

-63-Let’s demonstrate a use for the timer circuit you just builtby combining it with Experiment 28, the Alarm. Connectthe wires according to the Wiri

-64-This circuit is yet another variation of the basicmultivibrator configuration. Connect the wires accordingto the Wiring Checklist. One LED will

-65-Instead of using the wire to flip-flop the LED you may alsouse your fingers as you did in Experiment 19, the FingerTouch Lamp. We’ll use almost t

-66-Now that you’re familiar with the flip-flop, let’s introducesome more digital circuits. Digital circuits are circuits thathave only two states, s

-67-Now let’s add on to the previous circuit by adding thewires listed in the Wiring Checklist (these are in additionto the wires from Experiment 47,

-68-Take a look at the schematic. Can you guess what kindof digital gate this is? We’ll use almost the same circuithere as in the last experiment.

-69-Using the LEDs for these truth tables probably seems alittle boring. So let’s use an audio circuit to make a soundinstead of turning on the LED.

The Resistor: Why is the water pipe that goes to yourkitchen faucet smaller than the one that comes to yourhouse from the water company? And why is i

-70-This last circuit is a combination of some of the otherdigital gates, and has 3 inputs. See if you can fill in thetruth table by just looking at

-71-1. Adjusting the input to something based on what itsoutput is doing is an example of __________.2. A speaker converts electrical energy into ____

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EXPERIMENT #1: The Light BulbFirst, you need a 9V battery (alkaline is best). Fold outthe the battery holder cutouts and snap the battery intoits cl

-9-Press the switch (next to springs 55 and 56) and the LED(light emitting diode) lights up, and turns off when yourelease the switch. The LED conver